Friday, December 19, 2003


Oligopoly brief: Pepsico

Pepsico, Inc. is engaged in four main businesses, marketing and formulating the following:

  • Key soft drink brands (Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Aquafina, Gatorade, and others)
  • Fresh juice brands (Tropicana)
  • Salty and, to a lesser extent, sweet snacks (Frito-Lay)
  • Breakfast cereals and related foods (Quaker)

Pepsico also holds miscellaneous food brands in other countries.

Pepsico is the number two soft-drink company in the world. It is the number one snack food company. It owns five billion dollar brands: Pepsi, Tropicana, Lay's, Doritos, and Gatorade. That's a record rivaled only by Proctor & Gamble. With income of $25 billion in 2002, it ranks as 62 in teh Fortune 500.

Over the years it has also dabbled in a number of other areas. At various times it has owned North American Van Lines, Wilson Sports Equipment, and even imported Stolichnaya Vodka, all of which it eventually sold. Starting in the 1970s, the company collected a string of fast-food restaurants. These included Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Kentucky Fried Chicken, California Pizza kitchens, East Side Mario's, and D'Angelo Sandwich Shoppes. In 1997, it discarded all of these units, setting up an independent company called Tricon (now named Yum! Brands). It also got dissolved a division called Pepsi Food Systems, a restaurant supplier.

Pepsico does not directly bottle its own soft drinks. Instead it works through independent bottlers, some of whom bottle drinks from rival Cadbury-Schweppes (Seven-Up, A&W). Pepsico has worked hard to move those companies over to selling its own competitive products (Sierra Mist, Mug root beer).

Pepsi owns substantial shares in two of its biggest bottlers. It owns 35% of the Pepsi Bottling Group, which accounts for 50% of Pepsi's North American sales and 40% of worldwide sales. Pepsi Bottling Group has sales in 41 US states and in a number of overseas countries. Pepsico also owns 30% of PepsiAmericas, which accounts for 18% of US sales, 10% of worldwide sales. PepsiAmericas is the result of the 2000 merger of the #2 Pepsi bottler (Whitman Corp.) and the #3 one, the original PepsiAmericas.

Basic chronology of the company
1898 Pepsico started
1965 Pepsico merges with Frito-Lay as Pepsico
1998 Acquires Tropicana
2001 Acquires Quaker Foods

Pepsico has worked hard to build a global enterprise, with acquisitions throughout Latin America, Europe, and Asia, and expanded marketing in new markets.

International acquistions  in the last 14 years
1989 Walkers Crisps and Smith Crisps (UK)
1990 Gamesa (Mexico's largest cookie company)
1991 Wedel (Polish confectionery company)
1998 Barcel (Chilean snack company)
1998 Joint venture with Empresas Polar in Venezuela
1998 Smith's Snackfood Australia
1999 Major share in Tasty Foods, Egypt
2000 Alimentos del Valle (Spain)-- juice and soup
2001 Tasali Foods, a food leader in Saudi Arabia


Pepsico brands

Category Brands
Pepsi Pepsi-Cola, Caffeine Free Pepsi, Diet Pepsi Caffeine Free Diet Pepsi, Pepsi Twist (regular & diet), Wild Cherry Pepsi, Pepsi Blue, Pepsi ONE
Other US beverages Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew , Mug, Sierra Mist, Slice (soda); Lipton * (iced tea); Dole* (juices and fruit drinks); FruitWorks (juice drinks); Aquafina (water); Frappuccino*, Starbucks* (coffee drinks); SoBe (juice drinks and teas)l AMP (energy drink), Gatorade (sports drink), Propel Fitness Water (enahnced water)
Tropicana brands Tropicana (juices and smoothies, Loóza (juices and nectars) Copella , Frui'Vita (juices), Alvalle ( fruit juices and vegetable juices)
Other beverages (outside US) Mirinda, Pepsi Limón, Kas, Teem. Manzanita Sol, Paso de los Toros, Fruko , Evervess, Yedigun , Shani, Fiesta, D&G*, Mandarin*, Radical Fruit
Frito-Lay snacks Lay's. Maui Style, Miss Vickie's , Ruffles, Sabritas (potato chips); Quavers (potato snacks); Doritos, 3D, Santitas, Tostitos (tortilla chips), Fritos (corn chips). Cheetos, Niknaks (cheese snacks), Rold Gold (pretzels) Funyuns (onion rings), Go Snacks, Sunchips (multigrain chips), Sabritones, Bocabits (wheat snacks); Cracker Jack (candy coated popcorn), Chester's, Smartfood (popcorn), Gamesa . Grandma's (cookies), Baken-ets (fried pork skins), Oberto, Rustler's (meat snacks)l Churrumais, Crujitos, Fandangos, Wotsits (corn snacks), Frito-Lay (nuts); Frito-Lay, Ruffles, Fritos and Tostitos (dips and salsas); Frito-Lay, Doritos and Cheetos (crackers); Hamka's, Munchies, Sonric's (snacks) Munchos, Smith's, Walkers (potato crisps)
Quaker brands Quaker (cereal, granola bars, snack foods, baking mixes) Cap'n Crunch, Life, Quisp, King Vitaman, Mother's, Sugar Puffs, Puffed Wheat, Harvest Crunch, Cruesli, Quake, Scott's Oats, Oat Bran Crispies (cereal), Harvese Chewy (granola bars), Aunt Jemima (mixes, Coqueiro (canned fish)and syrups), Crisp'ums, Spudz (snacks), Rice-A-Roni, Pasta Roni (side dishes), Near East (couscous/pilafs) FrescAvena Toddy (powdered drink), Toddynho (chocolate drink),
* By license
9:58:24 PM    
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